Please tabs see below for APA guidelines on how to cite print books or E-books according to where they are found.
Format: Author(s). (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher. DOI/URL.
*Author Note: See how to create a citation for a source with more than one author here.
*Title Note: See when to Italicize Titles and when to put "Titles in Quotation Marks" here.
*Note: If no DOI for a book that is from on internet, include the URL. This is the only case you would use an URL.
List all names of authors and/or editors (following the same rules as multiple authors), only use initials for first and middle names. The last author or editor is linked with &.
If no author given, skip the author and move the title in front of the date; alphabetize entry by title.
If group author (company, association, organization, etc.) and publisher are the same, list group author in the author position and skip the publisher (to avoid repetition).
*Note: See how to create a citation for a source with more than one author here.
If no date is given, use (n.d.).
In citations, capitalize proper nouns and the only first words of title and subtitle (word after the colon).
Note: See when to Italicize Titles and when to put "Titles in Quotation Marks" here.
Note: If you mention a title in your paper, all major words should be capitalized and it should be in italics.
List the publisher's name as shown in the source. Do not abbreviate (unless shown that way). Follow capitalization as shown in source.
Always list the DOI if given. DOI is preferred rather than a URL for ebooks on the internet.
If a DOI is not given, but the source can be found in a library database, then do not include a URL (simply cite the entry the same way you would a print entry).
URLs should be as specific as possible (i.e. take the reader directly to the page you used).
Present DOI’s and URL’s as hyperlinks beginning with http:// or https:// (Links can be ‘live’ if your writing is going to be viewed electronically or online)
Format: Author(s). (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher.
Example: Myers, D. G., & DeWall, C. N. (2022). Exploring psychology (12th ed.). Worth Publishers.
Print Book With Editors (No Authors)
Format: Editor(s). (Ed.). (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher.
*Note: For more that one editor, it is (Eds.)
Example: Thompson, J. D. (Ed.). (2023). Fundamentals of neurosurgery: A guide for clinicians (3rd ed.). Springer.
Format: Author(s). (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher. DOI
Example: Duclos-Miller, P. A. (2006). How to cope with stress (2nd ed., Vol. 2). Greenwood. https://doi.org/10.1002/97804560
*Note: This example could be from a library database or from Internet as APA does not include database information in the citation.
Ebook with DOI with only an editor (No Author)
Format: Editor(s). (Ed.) (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher. DOI
*Note: For more than one editor, it is (Eds.)
Example: Stuss, D. T. & Knight, R. T. (Eds.) (2009). Principles of frontal lobe function. Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134971.001.0001
DOI stands for Digital Object Identifier, and is a unique code assigned to academic articles/books to help you locate them. It's sort of like an article's social security number. A DOI may look like a link (https://doi.org/10.1109/5.771073) or they may just have the DOI itself (10.1109/5.771073). In your citation, format the DOI as a link.
Always include the DOI if it is given, but not every source will have one. If a source has a DOI, it takes the place of a URL. Only use URL for internet sources not library databases.
The format will depend on where you found the ebook - you cite differently depending on whether or not the ebook came from a library database or outside internet.
Format: Author(s). (Year). Title of book in italics (Edition ed., Vol. volume number). Publisher. URL
*Note: Only use URLs for internet sources not library databases. eBooks without DOI from Library Databases are cited the same as print sources.
*Note. See examples of titles with editors only on other tabs.
Example: Sallan, B. A., Keller, J. R., Thomas, M. R., & Ballit, L. E. (2020). The psychology of a child (3rd ed.). Greenwood.
Example: Brown, L. S., & Shell, R. J. (2018). Feminist therapy: A look at bias, discrimination, and other factors (Vol. 2). American Psychological Association. https://www.feminist-therapy.com/book245345
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